array:24 [
  "pii" => "S2174204921003329"
  "issn" => "21742049"
  "doi" => "10.1016/j.repce.2021.10.027"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2021-11-01"
  "aid" => "1814"
  "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2021"
  "documento" => "article"
  "crossmark" => 1
  "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
  "subdocumento" => "sco"
  "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2021;40:899-901"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => true
    "ES2" => true
    "LATM" => true
  ]
  "gratuito" => true
  "lecturas" => array:1 [
    "total" => 0
  ]
  "Traduccion" => array:1 [
    "en" => array:20 [
      "pii" => "S0870255121003814"
      "issn" => "08702551"
      "doi" => "10.1016/j.repc.2020.09.016"
      "estado" => "S300"
      "fechaPublicacion" => "2021-11-01"
      "aid" => "1814"
      "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia"
      "documento" => "article"
      "crossmark" => 1
      "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
      "subdocumento" => "sco"
      "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2021;40:899-901"
      "abierto" => array:3 [
        "ES" => true
        "ES2" => true
        "LATM" => true
      ]
      "gratuito" => true
      "lecturas" => array:1 [
        "total" => 0
      ]
      "en" => array:11 [
        "idiomaDefecto" => true
        "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Image in Cardiology</span>"
        "titulo" => "Diagnosis of Takotsubo syndrome in the COVID-19 era"
        "tienePdf" => "en"
        "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
        "paginas" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "paginaInicial" => "899"
            "paginaFinal" => "901"
          ]
        ]
        "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
          "pt" => array:1 [
            "titulo" => "Diagn&#243;stico da s&#237;ndrome de Takotsubo na era da COVID-19"
          ]
        ]
        "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
          "en" => true
        ]
        "contienePdf" => array:1 [
          "en" => true
        ]
        "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
          "original" => 0
          "multimedia" => array:7 [
            "identificador" => "fig0005"
            "etiqueta" => "Figure 1"
            "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
            "mostrarFloat" => true
            "mostrarDisplay" => false
            "figura" => array:1 [
              0 => array:4 [
                "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
                "Alto" => 1239
                "Ancho" => 1500
                "Tamanyo" => 423328
              ]
            ]
            "descripcion" => array:1 [
              "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Baseline and follow-up electrocardiograms&#46; &#40;A&#41; Baseline electrocardiogram with sinus rhythm and no ischemic or necrotic changes&#59; &#40;B&#41; electrocardiogram during chest pain on the fifth day of hospitalization&#44; showing atrial fibrillation and ST-segment elevation in leads V1-V4&#46;</p>"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "autores" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "autoresLista" => "Kristian Rivera, Diego Fern&#225;ndez-Rodr&#237;guez, Marta Zielonka, Juan Casanova-Sandoval"
            "autores" => array:4 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "nombre" => "Kristian"
                "apellidos" => "Rivera"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "nombre" => "Diego"
                "apellidos" => "Fern&#225;ndez-Rodr&#237;guez"
              ]
              2 => array:2 [
                "nombre" => "Marta"
                "apellidos" => "Zielonka"
              ]
              3 => array:2 [
                "nombre" => "Juan"
                "apellidos" => "Casanova-Sandoval"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
      "Traduccion" => array:1 [
        "en" => array:9 [
          "pii" => "S2174204921003329"
          "doi" => "10.1016/j.repce.2021.10.027"
          "estado" => "S300"
          "subdocumento" => ""
          "abierto" => array:3 [
            "ES" => true
            "ES2" => true
            "LATM" => true
          ]
          "gratuito" => true
          "lecturas" => array:1 [
            "total" => 0
          ]
          "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
          "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2174204921003329?idApp=UINPBA00004E"
        ]
      ]
      "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0870255121003814?idApp=UINPBA00004E"
      "url" => "/08702551/0000004000000011/v1_202111140551/S0870255121003814/v1_202111140551/en/main.assets"
    ]
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S2174204921003317"
    "issn" => "21742049"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.repce.2021.10.026"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2021-11-01"
    "aid" => "1816"
    "copyright" => "Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "sco"
    "cita" => "Rev Port Cardiol. 2021;40:897-8"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:1 [
      "total" => 0
    ]
    "en" => array:11 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Image in Cardiology</span>"
      "titulo" => "Porcelain aorta rupture after cardiopulmonary resuscitation"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "897"
          "paginaFinal" => "898"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "pt" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Rutura de aorta em porcelana ap&#243;s ressuscita&#231;&#227;o cardiopulmonar"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:7 [
          "identificador" => "fig0005"
          "etiqueta" => "Figure 1"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 469
              "Ancho" => 1250
              "Tamanyo" => 132701
            ]
          ]
          "descripcion" => array:1 [
            "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">External &#40;A&#41; and internal &#40;B&#41; aorta view&#46; Rupture point &#40;asterisk&#41;&#44; saphenous anastomosis &#40;white arrow&#41; and aortic calcification &#40;black arrow&#41;&#46;</p>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Iria Silva, Isaac Pascual, Carlos Morales, Alberto Alperi, Pablo Avanzas, Jacobo Silva, Cesar Moris de la Tassa"
          "autores" => array:7 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Iria"
              "apellidos" => "Silva"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Isaac"
              "apellidos" => "Pascual"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Carlos"
              "apellidos" => "Morales"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Alberto"
              "apellidos" => "Alperi"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Pablo"
              "apellidos" => "Avanzas"
            ]
            5 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Jacobo"
              "apellidos" => "Silva"
            ]
            6 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Cesar"
              "apellidos" => "Moris de la Tassa"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2174204921003317?idApp=UINPBA00004E"
    "url" => "/21742049/0000004000000011/v1_202111300759/S2174204921003317/v1_202111300759/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:16 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Image in Cardiology</span>"
    "titulo" => "Diagnosis of Takotsubo syndrome in the COVID-19 era"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => true
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "899"
        "paginaFinal" => "901"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "Kristian Rivera, Diego Fern&#225;ndez-Rodr&#237;guez, Marta Zielonka, Juan Casanova-Sandoval"
        "autores" => array:4 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "Kristian"
            "apellidos" => "Rivera"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "psrivera.lleida.ics@gencat.cat"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span>"
                "identificador" => "cor0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "nombre" => "Diego"
            "apellidos" => "Fern&#225;ndez-Rodr&#237;guez"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "nombre" => "Marta"
            "apellidos" => "Zielonka"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "nombre" => "Juan"
            "apellidos" => "Casanova-Sandoval"
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "entidad" => "University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova&#44; Institut de Recerca Biom&#232;dica de Lleida &#40;IRBLleida&#41;&#44; Lleida&#44; Spain"
            "identificador" => "aff0005"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor0005"
            "etiqueta" => "&#8270;"
            "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author&#46;"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
      "pt" => array:1 [
        "titulo" => "Diagn&#243;stico da s&#237;ndrome de Takotsubo na era da COVID-19"
      ]
    ]
    "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
      "original" => 0
      "multimedia" => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0010"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1017
            "Ancho" => 1250
            "Tamanyo" => 176575
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cardiac catheterization during primary percutaneous coronary intervention&#46; &#40;A-C&#41; Coronary angiography with non-obstructive coronary artery disease&#59; &#40;D-E&#41; ventriculography showing wall motion abnormalities in apical segments of the anterolateral and inferior walls&#44; compatible with Takotsubo wall motion abnormality pattern&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 94-year-old female&#44; with hypertension&#44; paroxysmal atrial fibrillation&#44; ischemic stroke and an echocardiogram without wall motion abnormalities performed the previous month&#44; presented to the emergency department with a two-day history of dyspnea and dry cough without fever&#46; The patient had had contact with a COVID-19 patient&#44; PCR was positive for SARS-CoV-2 and the chest radiography documented bilateral basal pneumonia&#46; The baseline electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm without significant repolarization alterations &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>A&#41;&#46; The patient was hospitalized for treatment&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">On the fifth day of hospitalization&#44; the patient reported chest pain and the electrocardiogram showed atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response and ST-segment elevation in the anterolateral leads &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Figure 1</a>B&#41;&#46; Emergent coronary angiography demonstrated absence of obstructive coronary lesions &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figure 2</a>A-C&#59; Videos 1-3&#41; and ventriculography showed severe ventricular dysfunction with anterolateral&#44; apical&#44; and inferior dyskinesia and hypercontractility of the basal segments&#44; compatible with Takotsubo syndrome &#40;TTS&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Figure 2</a>D and E&#59; Video 4&#41;&#46; At two-month follow-up&#44; the patient remains asymptomatic and the echocardiogram demonstrated recovery of ventricular contractility&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The TTS consensus documents recommend coronary angiography and ventriculography to confirm the diagnosis&#46; There are few reported cases of TTS triggered by COVID-19&#44; with a non-negligible proportion diagnosed by echocardiography&#46; The lack of invasive methods to confirm the diagnosis of TTS in COVID-19 patients could be related to the unavailability or the inherent risk of invasive tests&#46; However&#44; failure to perform coronary angiography and ventriculography can lead to false diagnoses&#46; In this case&#44; we show through invasive methods&#44; following the recommended criteria&#44; the development of TTS in a patient with COVID-19&#46;</p><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare&#46;</p></span></span>"
    "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [
      "secciones" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0020"
          "titulo" => "Conflicts of interest"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2020-08-12"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2020-09-28"
    "apendice" => array:1 [
      0 => array:1 [
        "seccion" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "apendice" => "<p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The following are the supplementary material to this article&#58;<elsevierMultimedia ident="upi0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="upi0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="upi0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="upi0020"></elsevierMultimedia></p>"
            "etiqueta" => "Appendix A"
            "titulo" => "Supplementary material"
            "identificador" => "sec0015"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "multimedia" => array:6 [
      0 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1239
            "Ancho" => 1500
            "Tamanyo" => 423328
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Baseline and follow-up electrocardiograms&#46; &#40;A&#41; Baseline electrocardiogram with sinus rhythm and no ischemic or necrotic changes&#59; &#40;B&#41; electrocardiogram during chest pain on the fifth day of hospitalization&#44; showing atrial fibrillation and ST-segment elevation in leads V1-V4&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      1 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0010"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1017
            "Ancho" => 1250
            "Tamanyo" => 176575
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cardiac catheterization during primary percutaneous coronary intervention&#46; &#40;A-C&#41; Coronary angiography with non-obstructive coronary artery disease&#59; &#40;D-E&#41; ventriculography showing wall motion abnormalities in apical segments of the anterolateral and inferior walls&#44; compatible with Takotsubo wall motion abnormality pattern&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      2 => array:5 [
        "identificador" => "upi0005"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAECOMPONENTE"
        "mostrarFloat" => false
        "mostrarDisplay" => true
        "Ecomponente" => array:3 [
          "fichero" => "mmc1.mp4"
          "ficheroTamanyo" => 3784113
          "Video" => array:2 [
            "mp4" => array:5 [
              "fichero" => "mmc1.m4v"
              "poster" => "mmc1.jpg"
              "tiempo" => 0
              "alto" => 0
              "ancho" => 0
            ]
            "flv" => array:5 [
              "fichero" => "mmc1.flv"
              "poster" => "mmc1.jpg"
              "tiempo" => 0
              "alto" => 0
              "ancho" => 0
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
      3 => array:5 [
        "identificador" => "upi0010"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAECOMPONENTE"
        "mostrarFloat" => false
        "mostrarDisplay" => true
        "Ecomponente" => array:3 [
          "fichero" => "mmc2.mp4"
          "ficheroTamanyo" => 3050343
          "Video" => array:2 [
            "mp4" => array:5 [
              "fichero" => "mmc2.m4v"
              "poster" => "mmc2.jpg"
              "tiempo" => 0
              "alto" => 0
              "ancho" => 0
            ]
            "flv" => array:5 [
              "fichero" => "mmc2.flv"
              "poster" => "mmc2.jpg"
              "tiempo" => 0
              "alto" => 0
              "ancho" => 0
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
      4 => array:5 [
        "identificador" => "upi0015"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAECOMPONENTE"
        "mostrarFloat" => false
        "mostrarDisplay" => true
        "Ecomponente" => array:3 [
          "fichero" => "mmc3.mp4"
          "ficheroTamanyo" => 4185756
          "Video" => array:2 [
            "flv" => array:5 [
              "fichero" => "mmc3.flv"
              "poster" => "mmc3.jpg"
              "tiempo" => 0
              "alto" => 0
              "ancho" => 0
            ]
            "mp4" => array:5 [
              "fichero" => "mmc3.m4v"
              "poster" => "mmc3.jpg"
              "tiempo" => 0
              "alto" => 0
              "ancho" => 0
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
      5 => array:5 [
        "identificador" => "upi0020"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAECOMPONENTE"
        "mostrarFloat" => false
        "mostrarDisplay" => true
        "Ecomponente" => array:3 [
          "fichero" => "mmc4.mp4"
          "ficheroTamanyo" => 1119282
          "Video" => array:2 [
            "mp4" => array:5 [
              "fichero" => "mmc4.m4v"
              "poster" => "mmc4.jpg"
              "tiempo" => 0
              "alto" => 0
              "ancho" => 0
            ]
            "flv" => array:5 [
              "fichero" => "mmc4.flv"
              "poster" => "mmc4.jpg"
              "tiempo" => 0
              "alto" => 0
              "ancho" => 0
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/21742049/0000004000000011/v1_202111300759/S2174204921003329/v1_202111300759/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "28321"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "en" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Image in Cardiology"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/21742049/0000004000000011/v1_202111300759/S2174204921003329/v1_202111300759/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00004E&text.app=https://www.revportcardiol.org/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2174204921003329?idApp=UINPBA00004E"
]
Share
Journal Information
Vol. 40. Issue 11.
Pages 899-901 (November 2021)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 40. Issue 11.
Pages 899-901 (November 2021)
Image in Cardiology
Open Access
Diagnosis of Takotsubo syndrome in the COVID-19 era
Diagnóstico da síndrome de Takotsubo na era da COVID-19
Visits
17844
Kristian Rivera
Corresponding author
psrivera.lleida.ics@gencat.cat

Corresponding author.
, Diego Fernández-Rodríguez, Marta Zielonka, Juan Casanova-Sandoval
University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
This item has received

Under a Creative Commons license
Article information
Full Text
Download PDF
Statistics
Figures (2)
Additional material (4)
Full Text

A 94-year-old female, with hypertension, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, ischemic stroke and an echocardiogram without wall motion abnormalities performed the previous month, presented to the emergency department with a two-day history of dyspnea and dry cough without fever. The patient had had contact with a COVID-19 patient, PCR was positive for SARS-CoV-2 and the chest radiography documented bilateral basal pneumonia. The baseline electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm without significant repolarization alterations (Figure 1A). The patient was hospitalized for treatment.

Figure 1.

Baseline and follow-up electrocardiograms. (A) Baseline electrocardiogram with sinus rhythm and no ischemic or necrotic changes; (B) electrocardiogram during chest pain on the fifth day of hospitalization, showing atrial fibrillation and ST-segment elevation in leads V1-V4.

(0.4MB).

On the fifth day of hospitalization, the patient reported chest pain and the electrocardiogram showed atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response and ST-segment elevation in the anterolateral leads (Figure 1B). Emergent coronary angiography demonstrated absence of obstructive coronary lesions (Figure 2A-C; Videos 1-3) and ventriculography showed severe ventricular dysfunction with anterolateral, apical, and inferior dyskinesia and hypercontractility of the basal segments, compatible with Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) (Figure 2D and E; Video 4). At two-month follow-up, the patient remains asymptomatic and the echocardiogram demonstrated recovery of ventricular contractility.

Figure 2.

Cardiac catheterization during primary percutaneous coronary intervention. (A-C) Coronary angiography with non-obstructive coronary artery disease; (D-E) ventriculography showing wall motion abnormalities in apical segments of the anterolateral and inferior walls, compatible with Takotsubo wall motion abnormality pattern.

(0.17MB).

The TTS consensus documents recommend coronary angiography and ventriculography to confirm the diagnosis. There are few reported cases of TTS triggered by COVID-19, with a non-negligible proportion diagnosed by echocardiography. The lack of invasive methods to confirm the diagnosis of TTS in COVID-19 patients could be related to the unavailability or the inherent risk of invasive tests. However, failure to perform coronary angiography and ventriculography can lead to false diagnoses. In this case, we show through invasive methods, following the recommended criteria, the development of TTS in a patient with COVID-19.

Conflicts of interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Appendix A
Supplementary material

The following are the supplementary material to this article:

(3.61MB)
(2.91MB)
(3.99MB)
(1.07MB)

Copyright © 2021. Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia
Idiomas
Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia (English edition)
Article options
Tools
Supplemental materials
en pt

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?

Você é um profissional de saúde habilitado a prescrever ou dispensar medicamentos

By checking that you are a health professional, you are stating that you are aware and accept that the Portuguese Journal of Cardiology (RPC) is the Data Controller that processes the personal information of users of its website, with its registered office at Campo Grande, n.º 28, 13.º, 1700-093 Lisbon, telephone 217 970 685 and 217 817 630, fax 217 931 095, and email revista@spc.pt. I declare for all purposes that the information provided herein is accurate and correct.