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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Fundamento</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Camundongos <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">knouckout</span> para o gene do receptor de lipoprote&#237;na de baixa densidade &#40;LDLr&#8722;&#47;&#8722;&#41; s&#227;o hiperlipid&#234;micos espont&#226;neos e resistentes ao desenvolvimento de les&#245;es neointimais&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar o fator que previne o processo inflamat&#243;rio&#44; as les&#245;es neointimais cardiovasculares e a resist&#234;ncia insul&#237;nica nos camundongos LDLr&#8722;&#47;&#8722;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material e m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Utilizaram-se tr&#234;s grupos experimentais de camundongos machos com tr&#234;s meses de idade&#58; Grupo WT&#44; camundongos selvagens&#59; Grupo S&#44; camundongos LDLr&#8722;&#47;&#8722; que receberam ra&#231;&#227;o padr&#227;o&#59; Grupo HL&#44; camundongos LDLr&#8722;&#47;&#8722; que receberam ra&#231;&#227;o hiperlip&#237;dica&#46; Ap&#243;s 15 dias&#44; o sangue foi coletado para an&#225;lise plasm&#225;tica dos lip&#237;deos&#44; glicose e insulina&#46; O &#237;ndice de Homa foi calculado para determinar a resist&#234;ncia &#224; insulina&#46; O cora&#231;&#227;o e aorta foram removidos e processados histologicamente&#46; Cortes histol&#243;gicos do cora&#231;&#227;o foram processados imunoistoquimicamente com anticorpo anti-CD40L para avaliar a presen&#231;a de processo inflamat&#243;rio&#46; Cortes histol&#243;gicos das art&#233;rias foram corados com hematoxilina&#47;eosina e picros&#237;rius red para avaliar altera&#231;&#245;es morfol&#243;gicas e morfom&#233;tricas&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Os camundongos S foram resistentes ao processo inflamat&#243;rio&#44; caracterizado por baixa imunorreatividade para o CD40L&#44; com n&#237;veis plasm&#225;ticos de HDL elevados&#44; e n&#227;o desenvolveram resist&#234;ncia insul&#237;nica&#44; mesmo com hiperlipidemia moderada em rela&#231;&#227;o aos WT&#46; Os camundongos HL apresentaram uma hiperlipidemia grave&#44; aumento na imunorreatividade card&#237;aca para o CD40L&#44; pronunciadas altera&#231;&#245;es morfol&#243;gicas na parede da aorta e resist&#234;ncia insul&#237;nica&#44; associadas a um decr&#233;scimo nos n&#237;veis plasm&#225;ticos do HDL em rela&#231;&#227;o aos S&#46; Esta hiperlipidemia grave dos camundongos HL pode ser considerada o fator metab&#243;lico indutor do maior estresse oxidativo no sistema cardiovascular&#44; aumentando a peroxida&#231;&#227;o lip&#237;dica da mol&#233;cula de HDL e consequentemente sua remo&#231;&#227;o hep&#225;tica&#44; com consequente diminui&#231;&#227;o dos n&#237;veis plasm&#225;ticos do HDL&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclus&#227;o</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">O n&#237;vel plasm&#225;tico elevado de HDL &#233; o fator protetor contra o desenvolvimento de processos inflamat&#243;rios cardiovasculares e resist&#234;ncia insul&#237;nica nos camundongos LDLr&#8722;&#47;&#8722;&#44; impedindo o desenvolvimento das les&#245;es neointimais&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introduction</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">LDLr&#8722;&#47;&#8722; mice are spontaneously hyperlipidemic and resistant to the development of neointimal lesions&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectives</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This study aimed to determine the factor that prevents the inflammatory process and neointimal lesions and insulin resistance in LDLr&#8722;&#47;&#8722; mice&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Three groups of 3-month-old male mice were used&#58; wild-type mice &#40;WT group&#41;&#59; LDLr&#8722;&#47;&#8722; mice fed a standard diet &#40;S group&#41;&#59; and LDLr&#8722;&#47;&#8722; mice fed a high-fat diet &#40;HF group&#41;&#46; After 15 days&#44; blood was collected for analysis of plasma lipids&#44; glucose and insulin&#46; The HOMA index was calculated to determine insulin resistance&#46; The heart and aorta were removed for histological study&#46; Histological sections of the heart were processed immunohistochemically with anti-CD40L antibodies to evaluate the inflammatory process&#46; Histological sections of the aorta were stained with hematoxylin&#47;eosin and picrosirius red to assess morphological and morphometric alterations&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The S mice were resistant to the inflammatory process&#44; as shown by low immunoreactivity to CD40L&#44; with high plasma HDL levels&#44; and did not develop insulin resistance&#44; even with moderate hyperlipidemia compared to WT&#46; The HF mice showed severe hyperlipidemia&#44; increased cardiac immunoreactivity to CD40L&#44; pronounced morphological changes in the aortic wall and insulin resistance&#44; associated with a decrease in plasma HDL levels&#44; compared to S&#46; This severe hyperlipidemia in the HF mice can be considered the major metabolic factor inducing oxidative stress in the cardiovascular system&#44; increasing the lipid peroxidation of HDL and hence its removal by the liver&#44; with consequent lowering of plasma HDL levels&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">High HDL plasma levels are a protective factor against the development of cardiovascular inflammation and insulin resistance in LDLr&#8722;&#47;&#8722; mice&#44; preventing the development of neointimal lesions&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 30. Núm. 10.
Páginas 763-769 (outubro 2011)
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Vol. 30. Núm. 10.
Páginas 763-769 (outubro 2011)
Artigo original
Open Access
Efeito anti-inflamatório da lipoproteína de alta densidade no sistema cardiovascular de camundongos hiperlipidêmicos
Anti-inflammatory effect of high-density lipoprotein on the cardiovascular system of hyperlipidemic mice
Visitas
10632
José Antonio D. Garciaa,
Autor para correspondência
jadgarcia@uol.com.br

Autor para correspondência.
, Ciderléia Castro de Limaa, Luiza B. Messoraa, Aline F. Cruzb, Ana P.S. Marquesb, Talita P. Simãob, Evelise Aline Soaresa, M. Cristina Costa Rescka, Erika K. Incerpic, Nelma de Mello Oliveiraa, Leandro dos Santosa
a Núcleo de pesquisa em farmacologia e cirurgia experimental da Universidade José do Rosário Vellano, UNIFENAS, Alfenas, Brasil
b Graduadas do curso de Enfermagem, UNIFENAS, Alfenas, Brasil
c Médica Veterinária responsável pelo Biotério da Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Unifal, Alfenas, Brasil
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Fundamento

Camundongos knouckout para o gene do receptor de lipoproteína de baixa densidade (LDLr−/−) são hiperlipidêmicos espontâneos e resistentes ao desenvolvimento de lesões neointimais.

Objetivos

O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar o fator que previne o processo inflamatório, as lesões neointimais cardiovasculares e a resistência insulínica nos camundongos LDLr−/−.

Material e métodos

Utilizaram-se três grupos experimentais de camundongos machos com três meses de idade: Grupo WT, camundongos selvagens; Grupo S, camundongos LDLr−/− que receberam ração padrão; Grupo HL, camundongos LDLr−/− que receberam ração hiperlipídica. Após 15 dias, o sangue foi coletado para análise plasmática dos lipídeos, glicose e insulina. O índice de Homa foi calculado para determinar a resistência à insulina. O coração e aorta foram removidos e processados histologicamente. Cortes histológicos do coração foram processados imunoistoquimicamente com anticorpo anti-CD40L para avaliar a presença de processo inflamatório. Cortes histológicos das artérias foram corados com hematoxilina/eosina e picrosírius red para avaliar alterações morfológicas e morfométricas.

Resultados

Os camundongos S foram resistentes ao processo inflamatório, caracterizado por baixa imunorreatividade para o CD40L, com níveis plasmáticos de HDL elevados, e não desenvolveram resistência insulínica, mesmo com hiperlipidemia moderada em relação aos WT. Os camundongos HL apresentaram uma hiperlipidemia grave, aumento na imunorreatividade cardíaca para o CD40L, pronunciadas alterações morfológicas na parede da aorta e resistência insulínica, associadas a um decréscimo nos níveis plasmáticos do HDL em relação aos S. Esta hiperlipidemia grave dos camundongos HL pode ser considerada o fator metabólico indutor do maior estresse oxidativo no sistema cardiovascular, aumentando a peroxidação lipídica da molécula de HDL e consequentemente sua remoção hepática, com consequente diminuição dos níveis plasmáticos do HDL.

Conclusão

O nível plasmático elevado de HDL é o fator protetor contra o desenvolvimento de processos inflamatórios cardiovasculares e resistência insulínica nos camundongos LDLr−/−, impedindo o desenvolvimento das lesões neointimais.

Palavras-chave:
HDL
Inflamação
Hiperinsulinemia
Sistema cardiovascular
Dislipidemia
Abstract
Introduction

LDLr−/− mice are spontaneously hyperlipidemic and resistant to the development of neointimal lesions.

Objectives

This study aimed to determine the factor that prevents the inflammatory process and neointimal lesions and insulin resistance in LDLr−/− mice.

Methods

Three groups of 3-month-old male mice were used: wild-type mice (WT group); LDLr−/− mice fed a standard diet (S group); and LDLr−/− mice fed a high-fat diet (HF group). After 15 days, blood was collected for analysis of plasma lipids, glucose and insulin. The HOMA index was calculated to determine insulin resistance. The heart and aorta were removed for histological study. Histological sections of the heart were processed immunohistochemically with anti-CD40L antibodies to evaluate the inflammatory process. Histological sections of the aorta were stained with hematoxylin/eosin and picrosirius red to assess morphological and morphometric alterations.

Results

The S mice were resistant to the inflammatory process, as shown by low immunoreactivity to CD40L, with high plasma HDL levels, and did not develop insulin resistance, even with moderate hyperlipidemia compared to WT. The HF mice showed severe hyperlipidemia, increased cardiac immunoreactivity to CD40L, pronounced morphological changes in the aortic wall and insulin resistance, associated with a decrease in plasma HDL levels, compared to S. This severe hyperlipidemia in the HF mice can be considered the major metabolic factor inducing oxidative stress in the cardiovascular system, increasing the lipid peroxidation of HDL and hence its removal by the liver, with consequent lowering of plasma HDL levels.

Conclusion

High HDL plasma levels are a protective factor against the development of cardiovascular inflammation and insulin resistance in LDLr−/− mice, preventing the development of neointimal lesions.

Keywords:
HDL
Inflammation
Hyperinsulinemia
Cardiovascular system
Dyslipidemia
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